一(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)性(xing)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)痰(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)包的使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)方法一(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)性(xing)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)痰(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)管用(yong)(yong)于临床(chuang)(chuang)患者抽取气(qi)管内痰(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)液(ye)(ye)或分(fen)泌液(ye)(ye)用(yong)(yong)。一(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)性(xing)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)痰(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)管吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)痰(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)动(dong)作(zuo)要(yao)轻、稳。一(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)痰(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)时(shi)间不(bu)应超(chao)过(guo)15秒，吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)引(yin)器连续使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)时(shi)间不(bu)超(chao)过(guo)3分(fen)钟。1检查(cha)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)引(yin)器各部(bu)连接(jie)是否完善，有无漏气(qi)。接(jie)通电源，打开开关(guan)，检查(cha)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)引(yin)器性(xing)能，调节负压。一(yi)(yi)般成人(ren)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)痰(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)负压约40-50 kPa，小儿吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)痰(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)约13-30kPa，将(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)一(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)性(xing)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)痰(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)管置于水中，试(shi)验吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)引(yin)力，并(bing)冲洗皮(pi)管。2将(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)病(bing)人(ren)头(tou)部(bu)转向护士，铺治疗巾于颌下(xia)。插入(ru)一(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)性(xing)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)痰(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)管，其(qi)(qi)顺序是由口腔(qiang)前庭(ting)→颊部(bu)→咽部(bu)，将(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)各部(bu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)尽(jin)(jin)。如口腔(qiang)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)痰(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)有困难时(shi)，可由鼻(bi)腔(qiang)插入(ru)(颅底骨折患者禁用(yong)(yong))，其(qi)(qi)顺序由鼻(bi)腔(qiang)前庭(ting)→下(xia)鼻(bi)道(dao)→鼻(bi)后孔→咽部(bu)→气(qi)管(约20-25cm)，将(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)分(fen)泌物(wu)逐段吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)尽(jin)(jin)。3气(qi)管内吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)痰(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)，待病(bing)人(ren)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)气(qi)时(shi)，快速将(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)导管插入(ru)，自下(xia)而上(shang)边退边左右(you)旋转导管，消(xiao)除气(qi)道(dao)分(fen)泌物(wu)，并(bing)注(zhu)意(yi)观(guan)察(cha)病(bing)人(ren)的呼(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。在吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)引(yin)过(guo)程中，如病(bing)人(ren)咳嗽(sou)厉害(hai)，应稍等片(pian)刻后再行吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)出(chu)。并(bing)随时(shi)冲洗吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)引(yin)管，以免痰(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)液(ye)(ye)堵(du)塞。4吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)毕，关(guan)闭吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)引(yin)器开关(guan)，弃吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)痰(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)导管于小桶内，吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)引(yin)胶(jiao)管玻璃接(jie)头(tou)插入(ru)床(chuang)(chuang)栏上(shang)盛有消(xiao)毒液(ye)(ye)瓶内备用(yong)(yong)，将(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)病(bing)人(ren)口腔(qiang)周(zhou)围擦净。观(guan)察(cha)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)出(chu)液(ye)(ye)的量、颜色及性(xing)质，必要(yao)时(shi)做好记(ji)录(lu)。

导(dao)(dao)尿设备在医(yi)疗当(dang)中(zhong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)经(jing)(jing)常(chang)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)一种(zhong)产(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin),在泌尿肛肠等(deng)医(yi)疗科室(shi)经(jing)(jing)常(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)到导(dao)(dao)尿设备一般都是(shi)(shi)(shi)一次性使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)。下面介绍的(de)(de)这种(zhong)-次性的(de)(de)无莹导(dao)(dao)尿产(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)就是(shi)(shi)(shi)同类产(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)中(zhong)性能(neng)(neng)非(fei)(fei)常(chang)优(you)越的(de)(de)一种(zhong)。产(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)途(tu)和性能(neng)(neng),这种(zhong)-次性的(de)(de)无菌(jun)导(dao)(dao)尿包(bao)主要是(shi)(shi)(shi)给临床(chuang)上的(de)(de)患(huan)者导(dao)(dao)尿之用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，这种(zhong)产(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)是(shi)(shi)(shi)经(jing)(jing)过了环氧乙烷灭(mie)莹,非(fei)(fei)常(chang)的(de)(de)卫生和安全，使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)起来也(ye)(ye)(ye)非(fei)(fei)常(chang)方(fang)便。该产(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)是(shi)(shi)(shi)由洞(dong)巾,布(bu)和一次性使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)导(dao)(dao)尿管、橡胶(jiao)医(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)手套(tao)、海(hai)绵(mian)刷、纱布(bu)块、石蜡(la)棉球物品(pin)(pin)(pin)盒和一次性的(de)(de)引流袋等(deng)几部分组成。这种(zhong)- -次性产(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)起来也(ye)(ye)(ye)非(fei)(fei)常(chang)方(fang)便。这种(zhong)产(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)起来也(ye)(ye)(ye)比(bi)较简单(dan),首先,在使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)前要检查单(dan)包(bao)装(zhuang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)没有损坏,灭(mie)菌(jun)的(de)(de)有效(xiao)期(qi)(qi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)正常(chang);其次,在使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)时候(hou),先打开(kai)包(bao)装(zhuang),在将包(bao)布(bu)打开(kai),再戴上手套(tao),然后(hou);按照(zhao)常(chang)规的(de)(de)方(fang)法来使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)导(dao)(dao)尿包(bao)里(li)的(de)(de)组件(jian);其三,-般的(de)(de)产(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)有效(xiao)期(qi)(qi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)两年(nian) ,如果产(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)已经(jing)(jing)过了有效(xiao)期(qi)(qi),绝对不(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong);四(si),如果包(bao)装(zhuang)破损了也(ye)(ye)(ye)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong);五,这是(shi)(shi)(shi)-次性的(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)产(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)，禁止重复使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong),在使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)完后(hou)要销毁,生产(chan)日期(qi)(qi)般在包(bao)装(zhuang)封口处。

插管时的护理⑴清醒患者：操纵中应鼓励其增强决心信念，调动自我控制能力，从而按捺不良情绪，配合插管。插管时如碰到阻力，切勿强行置入，应查明发生原因，如管腔内有堵塞，可向胃管内注入空气，若泛起呃逆，说明管腔启齿部位在食管内，可将胃管向下试插。⑵意识障碍患者：可采用诱导吞咽法插胃管：患者取平卧或头高位，操纵者两人分站两侧，左侧操纵者按传统方法将胃管轻插至14～16cm休止，待患者不适症状消失后，左侧操纵者用木帛签蘸水，轻擦患者唇部及舌面，见患者泛起吞咽动作，右侧操纵者即将胃管向前推进送入食道再插至胃部。推荐一次性使用医用换药包插管后护理（1）胃管留置时间：长期鼻饲患者7天更换1次胃管，一次性使用灌肠包，改插另一侧鼻孔，以预防鼻咽黏膜---性损伤；若为硅胶胃管则每月更换1次。（2）保持胃管通畅：逐日用20ml生理盐水冲刷2次，防止胃管因堵塞或胃液黏稠而引流不畅。（3）口腔护理：住院患者在留置胃管期间机体抵挡力降低，导致口腔的自洁作用减弱。一次性使用医用换药包批发因此，留置胃管(guan)期间，对意识障碍患者进行口腔护理(li)(li)(li)，对清醒患者嘱定时(shi)刷牙(ya)。（4）心理(li)(li)(li)护理(li)(li)(li)：清醒患者留置胃管(guan)时(shi)护士应多与(yu)其沟(gou)通(tong)，加强胃管(guan)护理(li)(li)(li)知识的(de)宣教(jiao)，定时(shi)匡助患者翻(fan)身(shen)，推(tui)拿背部、肩颈(jing)部，以(yi)减轻(qing)因头颈(jing)部制动及被(bei)动---带来的(de)不适。

一(yi)(yi)(yi)次性使(shi)用(yong)换(huan)(huan)药(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)怎(zen)么(me)(me)换(huan)(huan)药(yao)(yao)？我们应该(gai)怎(zen)么(me)(me)使(shi)用(yong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)次性换(huan)(huan)药(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)？所谓(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)次性换(huan)(huan)药(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)，顾名(ming)思义当然是作为一(yi)(yi)(yi)款(kuan)一(yi)(yi)(yi)次性换(huan)(huan)药(yao)(yao)的(de)产品，一(yi)(yi)(yi)般情况下(xia)里(li)面都会有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)次性镊(nie)子、纱布(bu)、棉(mian)球、乳(ru)胶手(shou)套/PE手(shou)套等(deng)等(deng)，放在家中，随(sui)时随(sui)地都可(ke)(ke)以(yi)使(shi)用(yong)，而且(qie)就算(suan)出去旅游时，也(ye)(ye)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)携带一(yi)(yi)(yi)次性换(huan)(huan)药(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)，遇到(dao)擦伤或(huo)(huo)磕碰的(de)时候，就可(ke)(ke)直接使(shi)用(yong)。需要(yao)注意的(de)是，一(yi)(yi)(yi)次性换(huan)(huan)药(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)内一(yi)(yi)(yi)般没(mei)有(you)(you)消(xiao)毒(du)酒精，所以(yi)家里(li)**好配备消(xiao)毒(du)酒精。一(yi)(yi)(yi)次性换(huan)(huan)药(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)使(shi)用(yong)方法：1取(qu)出一(yi)(yi)(yi)次性换(huan)(huan)药(yao)(yao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)内的(de)医用(yong)手(shou)套，戴上；2、急救包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)里(li)有(you)(you)以(yi)下(xia)物品：1.酒精棉(mian)：急救前用(yong)来给双手(shou)或(huo)(huo)钳子等(deng)工具消(xiao)毒(du)。2.手(shou)套、口(kou)罩：可(ke)(ke)以(yi)防(fang)止施救者被感染。3.0.9%的(de)生(sheng)理(li)盐水：用(yong)来清洗(xi)伤口(kou)。基于(yu)卫生(sheng)要(yao)求，选择(ze)独立的(de)小包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)装或(huo)(huo)中型瓶装的(de)。需要(yao)注意的(de)是，开封后用(yong)剩的(de)应该(gai)扔(reng)掉，不(bu)要(yao)再放进急救箱。如果没(mei)有(you)(you)，可(ke)(ke)用(yong)未开封的(de)蒸(zheng)馏水或(huo)(huo)矿泉水代替。4.消(xiao)毒(du)纱布(bu)：用(yong)来覆盖伤口(kou)。它既不(bu)像棉(mian)花一(yi)(yi)(yi)样有(you)(you)可(ke)(ke)能(neng)将棉(mian)丝留在伤口(kou)上，移开时，也(ye)(ye)不(bu)会牵动伤口(kou)。