2月16日上午，第十四届中国·（长垣）医疗器械博览会在河南省长垣县会展中心盛大开幕。本次医疗器械博览会由长垣县人民政府主办，驼人控股集团承办。医用无菌塑柄手术刀参加展会的领导有：中国工程学院院士俞梦孙，卫健委医管中心处长王强，中国社会科学院世界社保研究中心主任郑秉文，中国医学装备协会秘书长李志勇，商务部中国医药保健进出口商会秘书长蔡天智，无菌塑柄手术刀价格河(he)南(nan)省卫健委医(yi)政医(yi)管(guan)处处长(zhang)(zhang)董薇，亚洲医(yi)院临(lin)床(chuang)医(yi)学(xue)管(guan)理学(xue)会(hui)会(hui)长(zhang)(zhang)（韩国）郑熙昌，长(zhang)(zhang)垣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)县(xian)委书(shu)(shu)记秦保建，长(zhang)(zhang)垣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)县(xian)委副(fu)书(shu)(shu)记、代县(xian)长(zhang)(zhang)赵(zhao)军伟，长(zhang)(zhang)垣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)县(xian)委副(fu)书(shu)(shu)记张彤，长(zhang)(zhang)垣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)县(xian)产业集聚区(qu)管(guan)委会(hui)主(zhu)任(ren)(ren)宋太俊，长(zhang)(zhang)垣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)县(xian)委常委、县(xian)委办公(gong)室主(zhu)任(ren)(ren)闫磊，长(zhang)(zhang)垣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)县(xian)人民政府副(fu)县(xian)长(zhang)(zhang)李(li)懿，长(zhang)(zhang)垣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)县(xian)产业集聚区(qu)管(guan)委会(hui)副(fu)主(zhu)任(ren)(ren)、南(nan)蒲(pu)街道(dao)党(dang)工委书(shu)(shu)记李(li)联合，河(he)南(nan)省医(yi)疗(liao)器(qi)械商(shang)会(hui)会(hui)长(zhang)(zhang)、驼人集团创始人、总裁(cai)王国胜，河(he)南(nan)省医(yi)疗(liao)器(qi)械商(shang)会(hui)秘(mi)书(shu)(shu)长(zhang)(zhang)陈敏等莅临(lin)开(kai)幕式(shi)。

如(ru)(ru)何(he)预(yu)防(fang)(fang)插(cha)导(dao)尿(niao)包时(shi)(shi)出(chu)现感(gan)染现象?全(quan)(quan)科医(yi)生是(shi)经过(guo)全(quan)(quan)科医(yi)学专业培训，临床技能(neng)(neng)全(quan)(quan)面、医(yi)德高(gao)尚(shang)的(de)高(gao)素(su)质基层医(yi)疗保健人才,富有(you)(you)(you)独立工作(zuo)能(neng)(neng)力,对(dui)个人家庭及社(she)区提供便捷、廉价(jia)的(de)防(fang)(fang)、 治保康全(quan)(quan)方(fang)位的(de)优质服(fu)务(wu)。开(kai)展全(quan)(quan)科医(yi)疗服(fu)务(wu), 如(ru)(ru)果(guo)没(mei)(mei)有(you)(you)(you)具有(you)(you)(you)活力的(de)全(quan)(quan)科医(yi)生做(zuo)坚实(shi)的(de)基础(chu),工作(zuo)将缺乏生气(qi)和动力,那种以单纯(chun)的(de)专科医(yi)疗的(de)服(fu)务(wu)体系,势必(bi)造(zao)成医(yi)疗秩(zhi)序(xu)的(de)混乱,也(ye)没(mei)(mei)有(you)(you)(you)任何(he)国家的(de)经济能(neng)(neng)够负担得起。那么,插(cha)导(dao)尿(niao)管(guan)如(ru)(ru)何(he)预(yu)防(fang)(fang)感(gan)染呢?导(dao)尿(niao)包相关尿(niao)路感(gan)染预(yu)防(fang)(fang)SOP尿(niao)路感(gan)染(UTI)是(shi)二位常见医(yi)院感(gan)染类型, 75% ~ 80%与留置(zhi)导(dao)尿(niao)管(guan)相关。为有(you)(you)(you)效预(yu)防(fang)(fang)导(dao)尿(niao)管(guan)相关尿(niao)路感(gan)染,特制(zhi)(zhi)定以下控制(zhi)(zhi)措施(shi):插(cha)管(guan)前(qian)准备(bei)与插(cha)管(guan)时(shi)(shi)的(de)措施(shi)1.尽量避免不(bu)必(bi)要的(de)留置(zhi)导(dao)尿(niao);2.仔细(xi)检查无菌导(dao)尿(niao)包，如(ru)(ru)过(guo)期、外包装破损潮湿,不(bu)得使用(yong)(yong);3.根据年(nian)龄(ling)、性(xing)别(bie)、尿(niao)道(dao)(dao)情况选(xuan)择合适的(de)导(dao)尿(niao)管(guan)口径、类型。通常成年(nian)男性(xing)选(xuan)16F ,女(nv)性(xing)选(xuan)14F ;4.规(gui)范手(shou)卫生和载手(shou)套的(de)程(cheng)序(xu);5.常规(gui)的(de)消毒方(fang)法:用(yong)(yong)0.1%的(de)新洁尔灭(mie)消毒尿(niao)道(dao)(dao)口及其周围皮肤粘膜,程(cheng)序(xu)如(ru)(ru)下:男性(xing):自尿(niao)道(dao)(dao)口、龟头向(xiang)(xiang)外旋(xuan)转擦拭消毒,注意洗净包皮及冠(guan)状(zhuang)沟(gou)。女(nv)性(xing):先清洗外阴(yin),其原则由上至下,由内向(xiang)(xiang)外,然后清洗尿(niao)道(dao)(dao)口、前(qian)庭、两侧大小阴(yin)唇,后会阴(yin)、肛门,每一个棉球(qiu)不(bu)能(neng)(neng)重复使用(yong)(yong);6.插(cha)管(guan)过(guo)程(cheng)严格执行无菌操(cao)作(zuo),动作(zuo)要轻柔(rou),避免尿(niao)道(dao)(dao)粘膜损伤(shang);7.对(dui)留置(zhi)导(dao)尿(niao)患者,应采用(yong)(yong)密闭式(shi)引流系统(tong)。

2019年一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)口(kou)(kou)腔(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)护(hu)(hu)(hu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)报(bao)(bao)告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)口(kou)(kou)腔(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)护(hu)(hu)(hu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)报(bao)(bao)告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)是(shi)报(bao)(bao)告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)大厅在对(dui)(dui)要(yao)从(cong)事(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)口(kou)(kou)腔(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)护(hu)(hu)(hu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)行(xing)业(ye)(ye)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)者(zhe)(zhe)要(yao)进(jin)入(ru)投(tou)资(zi)(zi)(zi)之前，对(dui)(dui)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)口(kou)(kou)腔(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)护(hu)(hu)(hu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)行(xing)业(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)相关因素以(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)(ji)具(ju)体(ti)的(de)(de)行(xing)情(qing)进(jin)行(xing)具(ju)体(ti)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)、分(fen)析(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、调查(cha)以(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)(ji)评(ping)估项(xiang)目的(de)(de)可(ke)行(xing)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、效果(guo)(guo)效益等，从(cong)而(er)提出建设性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)意见以(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)(ji)建议对(dui)(dui)策。为(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)口(kou)(kou)腔(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)护(hu)(hu)(hu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)行(xing)业(ye)(ye)投(tou)资(zi)(zi)(zi)决策者(zhe)(zhe)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)者(zhe)(zhe)是(shi)主管(guan)总结(jie)下研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)报(bao)(bao)告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)！ 一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)口(kou)(kou)腔(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)护(hu)(hu)(hu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)报(bao)(bao)告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)主要(yao)是(shi)对(dui)(dui)分(fen)析(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)口(kou)(kou)腔(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)护(hu)(hu)(hu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)行(xing)业(ye)(ye)需求(qiu)、供给、经(jing)营(ying)特(te)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、获(huo)取能力(li)、产业(ye)(ye)链(lian)和(he)(he)(he)价值(zhi)链(lian)等多方(fang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)内容(rong)(rong)(rong)，整合行(xing)业(ye)(ye)、市(shi)场(chang)、企业(ye)(ye)、用(yong)(yong)(yong)户等多层面(mian)(mian)(mian)数据和(he)(he)(he)信息资(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)，为(wei)客(ke)(ke)户提供深(shen)度的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)口(kou)(kou)腔(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)护(hu)(hu)(hu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)行(xing)业(ye)(ye)市(shi)场(chang)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)报(bao)(bao)告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)专业(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)方(fang)法帮助客(ke)(ke)户深(shen)入(ru)的(de)(de)了解(jie)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)口(kou)(kou)腔(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)护(hu)(hu)(hu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)行(xing)业(ye)(ye)情(qing)况，发现投(tou)资(zi)(zi)(zi)价值(zhi)和(he)(he)(he)投(tou)资(zi)(zi)(zi)机会(hui)，规避(bi)经(jing)营(ying)风(feng)险(xian)，提高管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)和(he)(he)(he)运营(ying)能力(li)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)口(kou)(kou)腔(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)护(hu)(hu)(hu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)报(bao)(bao)告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)必(bi)须对(dui)(dui)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)口(kou)(kou)腔(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)护(hu)(hu)(hu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)行(xing)业(ye)(ye)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)的(de)(de)内容(rong)(rong)(rong)和(he)(he)(he)方(fang)法进(jin)行(xing)全面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)阐(chan)述(shu)和(he)(he)(he)论(lun)(lun)证，对(dui)(dui)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)过(guo)程中所获(huo)取的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)口(kou)(kou)腔(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)护(hu)(hu)(hu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)资(zi)(zi)(zi)料进(jin)行(xing)全面(mian)(mian)(mian)系统(tong)的(de)(de)整理(li)(li)(li)(li)和(he)(he)(he)分(fen)析(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，通过(guo)图表、统(tong)计结(jie)果(guo)(guo)及(ji)(ji)文(wen)献资(zi)(zi)(zi)料，或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)纵(zong)向(xiang)的(de)(de)发展过(guo)程，或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)横向(xiang)类别分(fen)析(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)提出论(lun)(lun)点、分(fen)析(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)论(lun)(lun)据，进(jin)行(xing)论(lun)(lun)证。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)口(kou)(kou)腔(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)护(hu)(hu)(hu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)报(bao)(bao)告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)分(fen)：一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)口(kou)(kou)腔(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)护(hu)(hu)(hu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)的(de)(de)对(dui)(dui)象和(he)(he)(he)方(fang)法 、研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)的(de)(de)内容(rong)(rong)(rong)和(he)(he)(he)假(jia)设 、研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)的(de)(de)步骤及(ji)(ji)过(guo)程以(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)(ji)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)结(jie)果(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)分(fen)析(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)与讨(tao)论(lun)(lun)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)口(kou)(kou)腔(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)护(hu)(hu)(hu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)报(bao)(bao)告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)内容(rong)(rong)(rong)的(de)(de)逻辑(ji)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)是(shi)整个(ge)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)思路(lu)逻辑(ji)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)写(xie)照，没有一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)个(ge)好的(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)基础以(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)(ji)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)渠道(dao)方(fang)法，是(shi)写(xie)不(bu)出一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)口(kou)(kou)腔(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)护(hu)(hu)(hu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)科(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)报(bao)(bao)告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)。对(dui)(dui)于一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)口(kou)(kou)腔(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)护(hu)(hu)(hu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)报(bao)(bao)告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)内容(rong)(rong)(rong)报(bao)(bao)告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)大厅相对(dui)(dui)如(ru)实(shi)地(di)反映客(ke)(ke)观情(qing)况，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)切(qie)叙述(shu)、说明(ming)、推断、引用(yong)(yong)(yong)，恰(qia)如(ru)其分(fen)。文(wen)字、用(yong)(yong)(yong)词应力(li)求(qiu)准确。概念(nian)表述(shu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)科(ke)(ke)学性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)用(yong)(yong)(yong)语，避(bi)免用(yong)(yong)(yong)常识性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)用(yong)(yong)(yong)语，以(yi)(yi)(yi)免读者(zhe)(zhe)费(fei)解(jie)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)产生歧义。当然，研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)报(bao)(bao)告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)文(wen)字我(wo)们也努力(li)做到(dao)简单(dan)、明(ming)了、通顺、流畅，既要(yao)明(ming)白(bai)如(ru)话，又要(yao)把研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)的(de)(de)效果(guo)(guo)准确地(di)、科(ke)(ke)学地(di)表达出来。通过(guo)全面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)调查(cha)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)(ji)分(fen)析(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)论(lun)(lun)证某(mou)(mou)个(ge)建设或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)改造工程。某(mou)(mou)种科(ke)(ke)学研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)、某(mou)(mou)项(xiang)商务活动切(qie)实(shi)可(ke)行(xing)而(er)提出的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)种书面(mian)(mian)(mian)材料。

指导(dao)要点1.告(gao)(gao)知(zhi)(zhi)患(huan)(huan)者(zhe)胸(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)腔引(yin)(yin)流(liu)(liu)的目的及(ji)配合方法。2.鼓(gu)励患(huan)(huan)者(zhe)咳(ke)嗽，深呼(hu)(hu)吸及(ji)变换体(ti)(ti)位，并(bing)告(gao)(gao)知(zhi)(zhi)正确咳(ke)嗽、深呼(hu)(hu)吸、变换体(ti)(ti)位的方法。（四）注(zhu)意事项。1.出血量多于100ml／h，呈鲜(xian)红色，有(you)血凝块，同时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)伴有(you)脉搏增快，提示有(you)活动(dong)性出血的可能，及(ji)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)通(tong)(tong)知(zhi)(zhi)医生(sheng)。2.水(shui)封瓶打(da)破(po)或接(jie)头滑脱时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，要立即夹闭(bi)或反折(zhe)(zhe)近胸(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)端胸(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)引(yin)(yin)管。3.引(yin)(yin)流(liu)(liu)管自胸(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)壁伤口脱出，立即用手顺皮肤纹理(li)方向(xiang)捏紧引(yin)(yin)流(liu)(liu)口周围(wei)皮肤（注(zhu)意不要直接(jie)接(jie)触伤口），并(bing)立即通(tong)(tong)知(zhi)(zhi)医生(sheng)处理(li)。4.患(huan)(huan)者(zhe)下(xia)床活动(dong)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，引(yin)(yin)流(liu)(liu)瓶的位置应低于膝盖(gai)且(qie)保持平稳，保障长管没入(ru)液面下(xia)；外出检查前须(xu)将(jiang)引(yin)(yin)流(liu)(liu)管夹闭(bi)，漏气明显的患(huan)(huan)者(zhe)不可夹闭(bi)胸(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)引(yin)(yin)管。5.拔(ba)管后注(zhu)意观察患(huan)(huan)者(zhe)有(you)无胸(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)闷、憋气，皮下(xia)气肿，伤口渗液及(ji)出血等症状，有(you)异常及(ji)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)通(tong)(tong)知(zhi)(zhi)医生(sheng)。一次性使用导(dao)尿包(bao)（三）指导(dao)要点。1.告(gao)(gao)知(zhi)(zhi)患(huan)(huan)者(zhe)心包(bao)、纵膈引(yin)(yin)流(liu)(liu)的目的、配合方法。2.告(gao)(gao)知(zhi)(zhi)患(huan)(huan)者(zhe)更换体(ti)(ti)位时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)防止(zhi)引(yin)(yin)流(liu)(liu)管意外脱出或打(da)折(zhe)(zhe)、受压等措施(shi)。