使用(yong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)性(xing)换(huan)(huan)(huan)药(yao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)时,换(huan)(huan)(huan)药(yao)拆线(xian)前需(xu)要做(zuo)哪些准(zhun)备工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)?首先换(huan)(huan)(huan)药(yao)室清洁消毒，再(zai)通知病人准(zhun)时去换(huan)(huan)(huan)药(yao)室拆线(xian)，然后操作(zuo)(zuo)者准(zhun)备用(yong)物。具体准(zhun)备的用(yong)物放治疗车上，有一(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)性(xing)无菌(jun)换(huan)(huan)(huan)药(yao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)、碘(dian)伏包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)或碘(dian)伏、无菌(jun)刀片、无菌(jun)敷料(liao)，医用(yong)垃圾(ji)袋，锐(rui)器盒，最好带一(yi)(yi)(yi)个助(zhu)手，要帮忙倒(dao)碘(dian)伏。操作(zuo)(zuo)者和助(zhu)手洗手，戴口(kou)罩和帽子。准(zhun)备工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)大(da)概就是这些，因为现在规定换(huan)(huan)(huan)药(yao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)内不能放碘(dian)伏包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)，所以(yi)只能拿(na)碘(dian)伏瓶倒(dao)在棉球上或者一(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)性(xing)碘(dian)伏包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)。

一次性使用导尿包常用指南操作要点1.定时挤压引流管，引流液多或有血块则按需正确挤压，捏紧引流管的远端，向胸腔的方向挤压，再缓慢松开捏紧的引流管，防止引流瓶中液体倒吸。医用一次性使用胃镜检查包如接有负压装置，吸引压力适宜，一次性使用胃镜检查包厂家过大的负压引(yin)起胸(xiong)腔(qiang)内(nei)出(chu)血(xue)(xue)及患者(zhe)疼痛。一次性使用导(dao)尿(niao)包2.根(gen)据病(bing)情(qing)尽可能采取半卧(wo)位(wei)。3.引(yin)流装置应保持密闭和无(wu)菌，保持胸(xiong)壁(bi)引(yin)流口处的敷(fu)料(liao)清洁干燥，敷(fu)料(liao)渗出(chu)液较多(duo)应及时(shi)通知医生更换(huan)。4.根(gen)据病(bing)情(qing)需要(yao)定时(shi)准确记录引(yin)流量。5引(yin)流瓶(ping)内(nei)无(wu)菌生理盐水(shui)每(mei)天更换(huan)，引(yin)流瓶(ping)每(mei)周更换(huan)，床旁备(bei)血(xue)(xue)管钳(qian)，更换(huan)时(shi)必须夹(jia)闭引(yin)流管，防(fang)止(zhi)空(kong)气进入胸(xiong)膜腔(qiang)引(yin)起气qi胸(xiong)。

插(cha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)时(shi)(shi)的(de)护(hu)理(li)⑴清醒患(huan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)：操(cao)(cao)纵(zong)中应(ying)鼓励(li)其(qi)增(zeng)强决心(xin)信念，调动自我控制(zhi)能力(li)(li)(li)，从(cong)而按捺不良情(qing)绪，配合插(cha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。插(cha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)时(shi)(shi)如碰到(dao)阻力(li)(li)(li)，切勿强行置(zhi)入，应(ying)查明(ming)发(fa)生(sheng)原因(yin)(yin)，如管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)腔内有堵(du)塞，可向(xiang)(xiang)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)内注(zhu)入空气，若泛(fan)起呃逆，说明(ming)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)腔启齿部位在(zai)食(shi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)内，可将胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)向(xiang)(xiang)下试插(cha)。⑵意(yi)(yi)识(shi)障碍患(huan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)：可采用(yong)(yong)(yong)诱导吞咽法插(cha)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)：患(huan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)取平卧(wo)或(huo)头高位，操(cao)(cao)纵(zong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)两(liang)人(ren)分站两(liang)侧，左侧操(cao)(cao)纵(zong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)按传统方法将胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)轻插(cha)至(zhi)14～16cm休止，待患(huan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)不适症状消(xiao)失后(hou)，左侧操(cao)(cao)纵(zong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)用(yong)(yong)(yong)木帛签蘸水，轻擦患(huan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)唇(chun)部及舌面，见患(huan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)泛(fan)起吞咽动作(zuo)(zuo)，右侧操(cao)(cao)纵(zong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)即将胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)向(xiang)(xiang)前(qian)推(tui)进(jin)送入食(shi)道再(zai)插(cha)至(zhi)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)部。插(cha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)后(hou)护(hu)理(li)（1）胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)留(liu)(liu)置(zhi)时(shi)(shi)间：长期(qi)鼻(bi)饲患(huan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)7天更换1次(ci)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，一次(ci)性使用(yong)(yong)(yong)灌肠包，改插(cha)另一侧鼻(bi)孔，以预防鼻(bi)咽黏膜---性损伤(shang)；若为硅胶胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)则每(mei)月更换1次(ci)。（2）保持(chi)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)通畅：逐日用(yong)(yong)(yong)20ml生(sheng)理(li)盐水冲刷2次(ci)，防止胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)因(yin)(yin)堵(du)塞或(huo)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)液黏稠(chou)而引流不畅。（3）口腔护(hu)理(li)：住院患(huan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)在(zai)留(liu)(liu)置(zhi)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)期(qi)间机体(ti)抵(di)挡力(li)(li)(li)降(jiang)低，导致(zhi)口腔的(de)自洁(jie)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)减(jian)(jian)弱。因(yin)(yin)此，留(liu)(liu)置(zhi)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)期(qi)间，对意(yi)(yi)识(shi)障碍患(huan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)进(jin)行口腔护(hu)理(li)，对清醒患(huan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)嘱定时(shi)(shi)刷牙(ya)。（4）心(xin)理(li)护(hu)理(li)：清醒患(huan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)留(liu)(liu)置(zhi)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)时(shi)(shi)护(hu)士(shi)应(ying)多与(yu)其(qi)沟通，加强胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)护(hu)理(li)知(zhi)识(shi)的(de)宣教，定时(shi)(shi)匡助患(huan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)翻(fan)身，推(tui)拿背部、肩颈部，以减(jian)(jian)轻因(yin)(yin)头颈部制(zhi)动及被动---带来的(de)不适。

一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)性(xing)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)口(kou)腔(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)护(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)理(li)(li)(li)包(bao)(bao)怎么(me)样？随着环境(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)污(wu)染(ran)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)们(men)不(bu)敢(gan)出门，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)出门就(jiu)要(yao)(yao)被感(gan)染(ran)，不(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)得感(gan)冒(mao)，就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)头(tou)(tou)痛、头(tou)(tou)晕，虽然也有一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)些人(ren)(ren)(ren)带着口(kou)罩，可那(nei)口(kou)罩毕竟有缝(feng)隙，空(kong)(kong)气中的(de)(de)细菌还(hai)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)可以通(tong)过(guo)空(kong)(kong)隙钻入(ru)人(ren)(ren)(ren)们(men)的(de)(de)口(kou)腔(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)性(xing)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)口(kou)腔(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)护(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)理(li)(li)(li)包(bao)(bao)，帮助您口(kou)腔(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)清(qing)洁。那(nei)么(me)它到(dao)底(di)怎么(me)样呢？一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)性(xing)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)护(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)理(li)(li)(li)包(bao)(bao)包(bao)(bao)括棉(mian)球、毛巾、镊子(zi)等(deng)医疗工具，简(jian)单(dan)小巧，无(wu)论是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)家庭还(hai)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)外出旅行(xing)，都可使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)。比(bi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般口(kou)腔(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)护(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)理(li)(li)(li)包(bao)(bao)更(geng)卫(wei)(wei)生，更(geng)环保(bao)(bao)，使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)简(jian)单(dan)，而且(qie)性(xing)价(jia)比(bi)高，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)真正口(kou)腔(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)护(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)理(li)(li)(li)需要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)群的(de)(de)必备工具包(bao)(bao)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)性(xing)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)口(kou)腔(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)护(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)理(li)(li)(li)保(bao)(bao)护(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)您的(de)(de)口(kou)腔(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)，时刻清(qing)洁您的(de)(de)口(kou)腔(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)，干(gan)净卫(wei)(wei)生，无(wu)需多(duo)么(me)复杂的(de)(de)程序，只需按照说(shuo)明书(shu)(shu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)步(bu)(bu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)步(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)执行(xing)即可。因为口(kou)腔(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)护(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)理(li)(li)(li)包(bao)(bao)并不(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)每天都需要(yao)(yao)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)，所以建议买一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)性(xing)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)口(kou)腔(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)护(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)理(li)(li)(li)包(bao)(bao)，价(jia)格实惠，消费者容(rong)易(yi)(yi)接受。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)性(xing)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)口(kou)腔(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)护(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)理(li)(li)(li)包(bao)(bao)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)只能使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)，多(duo)次(ci)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)话可能会出现感(gan)染(ran)症状，不(bu)要(yao)(yao)为了图(tu)方便(bian)就(jiu)多(duo)次(ci)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)；要(yao)(yao)按照说(shuo)明书(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)法(fa)或是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)医嘱进行(xing)操(cao)作；要(yao)(yao)放到(dao)小孩儿不(bu)易(yi)(yi)碰(peng)到(dao)的(de)(de)地方存(cun)放；把本产(chan)品使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)过(guo)后，请将它扔到(dao)垃圾桶不(bu)要(yao)(yao)随意丢(diu)弃，保(bao)(bao)持(chi)良好(hao)环境(jing)(jing)卫(wei)(wei)生，这样才能使(shi)(shi)(shi)病菌不(bu)易(yi)(yi)感(gan)染(ran)。

一(yi)次性(xing)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)痰(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)包的使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)方法(fa)一(yi)次性(xing)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)痰(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)临床患者抽(chou)取气(qi)(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)内痰(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)液或分(fen)泌(mi)液用(yong)(yong)。一(yi)次性(xing)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)痰(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)痰(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)动作要轻、稳。一(yi)次吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)痰(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)时(shi)(shi)间不(bu)应(ying)超(chao)过15秒，吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)引(yin)(yin)(yin)器(qi)(qi)连续(xu)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)时(shi)(shi)间不(bu)超(chao)过3分(fen)钟。1检(jian)查吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)引(yin)(yin)(yin)器(qi)(qi)各部(bu)(bu)(bu)连接是(shi)(shi)否完善，有(you)无漏气(qi)(qi)。接通电(dian)源(yuan)，打(da)开开关，检(jian)查吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)引(yin)(yin)(yin)器(qi)(qi)性(xing)能(neng)，调节(jie)负(fu)压。一(yi)般成人吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)痰(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)负(fu)压约(yue)40-50 kPa，小(xiao)儿吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)痰(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)约(yue)13-30kPa，将(jiang)一(yi)次性(xing)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)痰(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)置于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)水中，试验吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)引(yin)(yin)(yin)力，并冲洗皮管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。2将(jiang)病人头部(bu)(bu)(bu)转向护士，铺治疗巾于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)颌下。插入(ru)一(yi)次性(xing)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)痰(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，其(qi)顺序(xu)是(shi)(shi)由(you)口腔(qiang)前庭→颊部(bu)(bu)(bu)→咽部(bu)(bu)(bu)，将(jiang)各部(bu)(bu)(bu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)尽。如口腔(qiang)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)痰(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)有(you)困难时(shi)(shi)，可由(you)鼻腔(qiang)插入(ru)(颅底骨折(zhe)患者禁用(yong)(yong))，其(qi)顺序(xu)由(you)鼻腔(qiang)前庭→下鼻道(dao)→鼻后孔→咽部(bu)(bu)(bu)→气(qi)(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(约(yue)20-25cm)，将(jiang)分(fen)泌(mi)物逐段吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)尽。3气(qi)(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)内吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)痰(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)，待病人吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)气(qi)(qi)时(shi)(shi)，快速将(jiang)导管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)插入(ru)，自下而上边(bian)退(tui)边(bian)左右旋转导管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，消(xiao)除气(qi)(qi)道(dao)分(fen)泌(mi)物，并注意(yi)观(guan)察(cha)病人的呼吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。在吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)引(yin)(yin)(yin)过程中，如病人咳嗽厉(li)害，应(ying)稍等片刻后再行(xing)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)出(chu)。并随时(shi)(shi)冲洗吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)引(yin)(yin)(yin)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，以免痰(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)液堵塞。4吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)毕，关闭(bi)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)引(yin)(yin)(yin)器(qi)(qi)开关，弃吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)痰(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)导管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)小(xiao)桶内，吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)引(yin)(yin)(yin)胶管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)玻璃(li)接头插入(ru)床栏(lan)上盛有(you)消(xiao)毒液瓶内备用(yong)(yong)，将(jiang)病人口腔(qiang)周围擦净。观(guan)察(cha)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)出(chu)液的量、颜色及性(xing)质，必要时(shi)(shi)做(zuo)好记录。