医(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)疗(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)器(qi)(qi)(qi)械(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)标(biao)(biao)(biao)准(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)是医(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)疗(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)器(qi)(qi)(qi)械(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)研(yan)制(zhi)(zhi)、生(sheng)产(chan)(chan)、经营、使用以及监(jian)(jian)(jian)督管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)所共(gong)同遵循的技术规范，是医(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)疗(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)器(qi)(qi)(qi)械(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)监(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)和(he)产(chan)(chan)业(ye)(ye)发展的重(zhong)要技术支撑(cheng)。药(yao)监(jian)(jian)(jian)局高度(du)(du)(du)重(zhong)视(shi)医(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)疗(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)器(qi)(qi)(qi)械(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)标(biao)(biao)(biao)准(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)工作(zuo)(zuo)，按照“四个严”的要求(qiu)，结(jie)合医(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)疗(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)器(qi)(qi)(qi)械(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)产(chan)(chan)业(ye)(ye)发展和(he)监(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)工作(zuo)(zuo)实(shi)际，不(bu)(bu)断完(wan)善医(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)疗(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)器(qi)(qi)(qi)械(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)标(biao)(biao)(biao)准(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)体系、持续开展医(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)疗(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)器(qi)(qi)(qi)械(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)标(biao)(biao)(biao)准(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)制(zhi)(zhi)修订工作(zuo)(zuo)，我国医(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)疗(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)器(qi)(qi)(qi)械(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)标(biao)(biao)(biao)准(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)体系不(bu)(bu)断完(wan)善，医(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)疗(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)器(qi)(qi)(qi)械(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)标(biao)(biao)(biao)准(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)对监(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)和(he)产(chan)(chan)业(ye)(ye)发展的技术支撑(cheng)能力持续提(ti)升。一、加强(qiang)医(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)疗(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)器(qi)(qi)(qi)械(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)标(biao)(biao)(biao)准(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)建设。为(wei)(wei)贯彻落实(shi)国务院深化(hua)(hua)(hua)标(biao)(biao)(biao)准(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)(hua)(hua)改革重(zhong)大决策部署，依据《中华(hua)人民共(gong)和(he)国标(biao)(biao)(biao)准(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)(hua)(hua)法(fa)》，立足(zu)我国医(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)疗(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)器(qi)(qi)(qi)械(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)产(chan)(chan)业(ye)(ye)发展和(he)监(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)工作(zuo)(zuo)实(shi)际，2017年4月，原(yuan)食(shi)(shi)品药(yao)品监(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)总局修订印(yin)发《医(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)疗(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)器(qi)(qi)(qi)械(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)标(biao)(biao)(biao)准(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)办(ban)法(fa)》，该(gai)办(ban)法(fa)的出台对指导我国医(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)疗(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)器(qi)(qi)(qi)械(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)标(biao)(biao)(biao)准(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)、规范标(biao)(biao)(biao)准(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)制(zhi)(zhi)修订、促进标(biao)(biao)(biao)准(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)实(shi)施、提(ti)升医(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)疗(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)器(qi)(qi)(qi)械(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)质量等(deng)起到了积极作(zuo)(zuo)用。为(wei)(wei)贯彻落实(shi)《医(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)疗(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)器(qi)(qi)(qi)械(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)标(biao)(biao)(biao)准(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)办(ban)法(fa)》，原(yuan)食(shi)(shi)品药(yao)品监(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)总局先后(hou)印(yin)发《医(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)疗(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)器(qi)(qi)(qi)械(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)标(biao)(biao)(biao)准(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)制(zhi)(zhi)修订工作(zuo)(zuo)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)规范》和(he)《医(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)疗(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)器(qi)(qi)(qi)械(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)标(biao)(biao)(biao)准(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)报批发布工作(zuo)(zuo)细则(ze)》等(deng)文件，进一步(bu)规范了医(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)疗(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)器(qi)(qi)(qi)械(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)标(biao)(biao)(biao)准(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)工作(zuo)(zuo)程序(xu)，强(qiang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)了标(biao)(biao)(biao)准(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)精细化(hua)(hua)(hua)过程管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)，为(wei)(wei)提(ti)升医(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)疗(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)器(qi)(qi)(qi)械(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)标(biao)(biao)(biao)准(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)质量奠(dian)定(ding)了坚实(shi)的制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)基础。

插(cha)(cha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)时的(de)护(hu)(hu)理(li)(li)⑴清醒患(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)者(zhe)：操(cao)纵(zong)(zong)中应(ying)鼓励其增强决心信念(nian)，调动(dong)自(zi)我控(kong)制能(neng)力，从而按捺(na)不良情绪(xu)，配合插(cha)(cha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)。插(cha)(cha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)时如(ru)碰(peng)到(dao)阻力，切(qie)勿强行置(zhi)入，应(ying)查(cha)明发生原(yuan)因(yin)，如(ru)管(guan)(guan)(guan)腔(qiang)内有堵塞，可(ke)向(xiang)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)内注入空(kong)气，若泛起(qi)呃逆(ni)，说明管(guan)(guan)(guan)腔(qiang)启齿部位在(zai)食管(guan)(guan)(guan)内，可(ke)将(jiang)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)向(xiang)下试插(cha)(cha)。⑵意(yi)识障碍患(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)者(zhe)：可(ke)采用(yong)(yong)诱导吞(tun)咽(yan)(yan)法插(cha)(cha)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)：患(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)者(zhe)取平(ping)卧或(huo)头高位，操(cao)纵(zong)(zong)者(zhe)两人分站两侧(ce)(ce)(ce)，左侧(ce)(ce)(ce)操(cao)纵(zong)(zong)者(zhe)按传统方(fang)法将(jiang)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)轻(qing)插(cha)(cha)至14～16cm休止(zhi)，待患(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)者(zhe)不适症(zheng)状消失(shi)后(hou)，左侧(ce)(ce)(ce)操(cao)纵(zong)(zong)者(zhe)用(yong)(yong)木(mu)帛签蘸水，轻(qing)擦患(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)者(zhe)唇部及(ji)舌(she)面，见(jian)患(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)者(zhe)泛起(qi)吞(tun)咽(yan)(yan)动(dong)作，右侧(ce)(ce)(ce)操(cao)纵(zong)(zong)者(zhe)即将(jiang)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)向(xiang)前推进送入食道再(zai)插(cha)(cha)至胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)部。插(cha)(cha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)后(hou)护(hu)(hu)理(li)(li)（1）胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)留置(zhi)时间：长期鼻饲患(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)者(zhe)7天(tian)更换1次胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)，一(yi)次性使用(yong)(yong)灌肠(chang)包，改(gai)插(cha)(cha)另一(yi)侧(ce)(ce)(ce)鼻孔，以预防(fang)鼻咽(yan)(yan)黏膜---性损(sun)伤；若为硅(gui)胶胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)则每月更换1次。（2）保持胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)通畅：逐(zhu)日用(yong)(yong)20ml生理(li)(li)盐水冲刷(shua)(shua)2次，防(fang)止(zhi)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)因(yin)堵塞或(huo)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)液黏稠而引流不畅。（3）口(kou)腔(qiang)护(hu)(hu)理(li)(li)：住院(yuan)患(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)者(zhe)在(zai)留置(zhi)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)期间机(ji)体抵挡力降低，导致口(kou)腔(qiang)的(de)自(zi)洁作用(yong)(yong)减弱。因(yin)此，留置(zhi)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)期间，对意(yi)识障碍患(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)者(zhe)进行口(kou)腔(qiang)护(hu)(hu)理(li)(li)，对清醒患(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)者(zhe)嘱定(ding)时刷(shua)(shua)牙(ya)。（4）心理(li)(li)护(hu)(hu)理(li)(li)：清醒患(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)者(zhe)留置(zhi)胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)时护(hu)(hu)士(shi)应(ying)多与其沟通，加强胃(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)护(hu)(hu)理(li)(li)知识的(de)宣教，定(ding)时匡助患(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)者(zhe)翻身，推拿背部、肩颈(jing)部，以减轻(qing)因(yin)头颈(jing)部制动(dong)及(ji)被动(dong)---带来的(de)不适。

一(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)性(xing)(xing)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)吸(xi)(xi)痰(tan)(tan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)具(ju)体(ti)操(cao)作方法是怎样(yang)。温(wen)馨提示：为避免病人吸(xi)(xi)入(ru)的(de)(de)空气(qi)干燥(因无(wu)鼻(bi)腔的(de)(de)湿化作用(yong)(yong)(yong))，可(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)单层或(huo)双层盐水浸湿的(de)(de)纱布覆盖一(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)性(xing)(xing)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)吸(xi)(xi)痰(tan)(tan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)口，干后随时(shi)更换。那么，一(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)性(xing)(xing)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)吸(xi)(xi)痰(tan)(tan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)具(ju)体(ti)操(cao)作方法是怎样(yang)? 一(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)性(xing)(xing)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)吸(xi)(xi)痰(tan)(tan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)为无(wu)菌(jun)产品，经环氧乙烷(wan)灭菌(jun)，灭菌(jun)有(you)效期2年;一(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)性(xing)(xing)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)吸(xi)(xi)痰(tan)(tan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)限(xian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)性(xing)(xing)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)后销毁，禁止重复使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong);一(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)性(xing)(xing)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)吸(xi)(xi)痰(tan)(tan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)应存(cun)放在通(tong)风、干燥、无(wu)腐蚀(shi)性(xing)(xing)物体(ti)的(de)(de)室内。 一(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)性(xing)(xing)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)吸(xi)(xi)痰(tan)(tan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)具(ju)体(ti)操(cao)作方法如(ru)(ru)下： 吸(xi)(xi)引(yin)前先检(jian)查吸(xi)(xi)引(yin)器效能是否(fou)良好，吸(xi)(xi)引(yin)导管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)是否(fou)通(tong)畅。2.备齐用(yong)(yong)(yong)物，置床(chuang)头柜，向患(huan)(huan)者(zhe)解(jie)释。3.将患(huan)(huan)者(zhe)头偏(pian)向一(yi)(yi)(yi)侧，并(bing)略(lve)向后仰。昏迷患(huan)(huan)者(zhe)可(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)压舌板将口启开，夹持吸(xi)(xi)痰(tan)(tan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)由口腔颊部插(cha)至咽喉部，乘患(huan)(huan)者(zhe)吸(xi)(xi)气(qi)时(shi)将吸(xi)(xi)痰(tan)(tan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)插(cha)入(ru)气(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。如(ru)(ru)口腔吸(xi)(xi)痰(tan)(tan)有(you)困(kun)难时(shi)，可(ke)由鼻(bi)腔插(cha)入(ru)(颅(lu)底骨(gu)折患(huan)(huan)者(zhe)禁用(yong)(yong)(yong));气(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)插(cha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)或(huo)气(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)切开患(huan)(huan)者(zhe)，可(ke)由插(cha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)或(huo)套管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)内插(cha)入(ru)。

一次性使用无菌导尿包注意事项。注意事项。优质一次性使用医用吸痰管产品按手术室无菌操作规定使用。2.包装破损切勿使用。一次性使用导尿包3.本品为一次性产品，切勿再次使用。4.产品使用后应按照医院或环保部门要求进行处理。【禁忌症】对橡胶、聚丙烯塑料、无纺布、脱脂棉过敏者慎用。一次性使用医用吸痰管厂家【使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)说明】打开产(chan)品(pin)(pin)小包装后即可(ke)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)；根(gen)据使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)需求，依次将产(chan)品(pin)(pin)中(zhong)的组(zu)件铺(pu)垫(dian)好(hao)，以获得良好(hao)的使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)效果。【储存(cun)条件、方法】贮存(cun)在阴凉、干(gan)燥、通风、无腐(fu)蚀(shi)性气体的环境中(zhong)，远离火源及易燃物。

一次性使(shi)用导尿包常用指南操作(zuo)要点1.定时(shi)挤压(ya)(ya)引(yin)(yin)流(liu)(liu)管(guan)，引(yin)(yin)流(liu)(liu)液多或有血(xue)块则按需(xu)正确(que)挤压(ya)(ya)，捏紧引(yin)(yin)流(liu)(liu)管(guan)的(de)远端，向(xiang)胸腔(qiang)的(de)方向(xiang)挤压(ya)(ya)，再缓慢松开捏紧的(de)引(yin)(yin)流(liu)(liu)管(guan)，防(fang)止引(yin)(yin)流(liu)(liu)瓶(ping)(ping)中液体倒(dao)吸。如接有负压(ya)(ya)装(zhuang)置，吸引(yin)(yin)压(ya)(ya)力适宜，过大的(de)负压(ya)(ya)引(yin)(yin)起(qi)胸腔(qiang)内出(chu)(chu)血(xue)及患(huan)者疼痛。一次性使(shi)用导尿包2.根据病(bing)情尽可能采取(qu)半卧位。3.引(yin)(yin)流(liu)(liu)装(zhuang)置应保持密闭和无菌，保持胸壁引(yin)(yin)流(liu)(liu)口(kou)处(chu)的(de)敷料清洁干燥，敷料渗出(chu)(chu)液较多应及时(shi)通知医(yi)生(sheng)更换(huan)(huan)。4.根据病(bing)情需(xu)要定时(shi)准(zhun)确(que)记录(lu)引(yin)(yin)流(liu)(liu)量。5引(yin)(yin)流(liu)(liu)瓶(ping)(ping)内无菌生(sheng)理(li)盐水每天更换(huan)(huan)，引(yin)(yin)流(liu)(liu)瓶(ping)(ping)每周更换(huan)(huan)，床旁备(bei)血(xue)管(guan)钳，更换(huan)(huan)时(shi)必(bi)须夹闭引(yin)(yin)流(liu)(liu)管(guan)，防(fang)止空气(qi)进入胸膜腔(qiang)引(yin)(yin)起(qi)气(qi)qi胸。